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Longer Lives For Type 1 Diabetics Who Strictly Control Blood Sugar
People with type 1 diabetes are more likely to have an early death and suffer severe long-term complications than the rest of the population. A new study looks at whether maintaining tighter control of blood sugar levels over time can help lower these risks.
Ralph Dineen was diagnosed with type 1 diabetes more than 30 years ago. He wears an insulin pump and tests his blood sugar five times a day.
“When I became diabetic it was a very confusing moment in my life. You know, I was about 30 years old and it came out of nowhere at me, said Dineen.
Dineen participated in a study that lasted seven years in the mid-1980's. Half the participants, including Dineen, were instructed on how to maintain tight control of their blood sugar. The other half controlled their sugar more loosely.
A new study looked at the data to determine whether this intensive blood sugar control would help reduce long-term complications of the disease like vision loss, kidney failure, nerve damage and heart disease.
Dr. David Nathan at Massachusetts General Hospital led the study.
“Tighter blood sugar control reduced those complications by as much as 60 to 70 percent, said Nathan.
The researchers continued to follow 99 percent of these patients after the study ended in 1993. They wanted to see whether maintaining tighter blood sugar control early on would result in a longer lifespan.
“And it turns out that although the entire group is doing quite well, including those who were originally on conventional therapy, those with intensive therapy have a reduction in mortality by about 33 percent, said Nathan.
“…there is no thickening of the lens, no cataracts developing, which is great…”
“People with type 1 diabetes are not only doing better if they have intensive therapy but that their life span is probably approximating that in the non-diabetic population, said Nathan.
Researchers are now trying to identify genetic and environmental causes of the disease and to see if they can get cells to produce insulin. The study was published in the Journal of the American Medical Association.
词语分析
massive
困难程度：3星常用词语，属常用6000词
英汉讲解
adj.巨大的；很多的；大规模的；大范围的；紧急的
参考例句
用作形容词
The soldier suffered a massive haemorrhage and died soon after.
那个战士经受了很多出血的痛苦，不久便过世了。
The wedding got massive media coverage.
结婚典礼得到大众传播媒介的广泛报道。
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rotate
困难程度：3星常用词语，属常用6000词
英汉讲解
v.轮流；旋转
adj.车轮状的
参考例句
用作动词
The post of chairman rotates among members of the committee.
主席一职由委员会的成员轮流担任。
Does the earth rotate on an axis?
地球是绕轴旋转的吗？
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joint
困难程度：4星核心词语，属常用3000词
英汉讲解
adj.联合的；一同的；连带的；合资的
n.关节；接头；接合处；接缝；夜总会
v.贴合；连接
参考例句
用作形容词
They covenanted with us for establishing a joint venture.
他们就打造合资企业的事和大家签了合约。
用作名词
The joint isn't quite done yet.
这一大块肉煮得不太熟。
用作动词
Does any one know who can joint sales calls?
哪个了解哪个可以做联合销售拜访?
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mixture
困难程度：3星常用词语，属常用6000词
英汉讲解
n.混合；混合物
参考例句
用作名词
You need a spoon to beat the mixture smooth.
你需要用一把调羹来搅均混合液。
The bottom layer is a mixture of sand and clay.
最下面的一层是沙和泥的混合物。
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convention
困难程度：2星扩展词语，属常用10000词
英汉讲解
n.大会；协定；惯例；公约
参考例句
用作名词
The convention looms as political battle.
这场大会将是一场政治角斗。
We follow Geneva Convention procedures.
大家遵守日内瓦公约规定的程序。
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explosive
困难程度：3星常用词语，属常用6000词
英汉讲解
adj.爆炸的；引发争论的；大声的
n.炸药
参考例句
用作形容词
The most impressive volcanic phenomena are explosive eruptions.
最让人难忘的火山现象是爆炸喷发。
用作名词
I warn you that the explosive can kill thousands of people.
我警告你,这种炸药可以杀死成千上万个人。
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assure
困难程度：4星核心词语，属常用3000词
英汉讲解
vt.使确信；使放心；确保
参考例句
用作及物动词
Her success as an actress was now assured.
她做演员非常成功，已毋庸置疑了。
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